This report documents the rising prevalence of female genital mutilation (“FGM”) in the United States. It examines the current legal framework in place to address female genital mutilation when it is performed within our borders and through “vacation cutting,” in which young women in the U.S. are sent abroad to undergo the procedure. It then recommends steps needed to develop a more coordinated, effective response to protect girls and women in the U.S. affected by the threat of FGM.